თავი 2 სამოქალაქო სამართლის ნორმის განმარტება
სამოქალაქო
samarTlis normis ganmarteba
·
kanonis
abstraqtuli stili, xSir SemTxvevaSi, saWiroebs
normis dakonkretebas manam, sanam SesaZlebeli iqneba subsumciis dawyeba.
·
norma,
ufro swored, misi “faqtobrivi
elementebi’’ (da
aseve “samarTlebrivi Sedegi’’) jer unda damuSavdes ise, rom
eqvemdebarebodes subsumcias.
·
Nnormis dakonkreteba
xorcieldeba normaSi gamoyenebuli cnebebis ganmartebis gziT.
·
imisaTvis, rom SesaZlebeli iyos araerTgvarovani
samarTlebrivi cnebebis saTanado definiciis SemuSaveba, gamoiyeneba “ganmarteba”.
·
ganmartebis
saSualebiT xdeba samarTlebrivi normis
interpretacia da misi Sinaarsis
gansazRvra.
·
anu, ganmartebis meTodi gamoiyeneba yovelTvis maSin,
rodesac samarTlebrivi normis an misi
romelime faqtobrivi elementis Sinaarsi bundovani[!] an mravalmniSvnelovania[!]
·
ganmarteba aris samarTlis
praqtikosis[პრაქტიკოსი
იურისტის] yoveldRiuri saqmianoba.
·
magaliTad, sk-is me-4 muxlis mixedviT, “sasamarTlos ara aqvs ufleba uari Tqvas
samoqalaqo saqmeze gadawyvetilebis miRebaze im SemTxvevaSic, Tu samarTlis norma
ar arsebobs, an igi bundovania. ‘’
·
universitetSi swavlisas da praqtikaSic, rogorc
wesi, SesaZlebelia praqtikaSi ukve arsebuli da aseve samarTlis mecnierebis
farglebSi damkvidrebuli ganmartebis “mza’’ Sedegebis
gamoyeneba.
·
Tumca, miuxedavad amisa, studentsac unda
SeeZlos normis ganmarteba.
·
erTi, rom momavalSi
mas permanentulad[anu ganuwyvetlad,mudmivad] mouwevs kanonis ganmarteba, da meore, yvela problemur sakiTxze ar arsebobs “mza’’ pasuxi da mosazreba.
·
ganmarteba aseve saWiroa iseT SemTxvevebSic, rodesac
weriTi gamocdisas students aRar axsovs literaturasa da praqtikaSi damkvidrebuli mosazrebebi.
·
aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, students kazusis damuSavebisas damoukideblad unda
SeeZlos samarTlebrivi normis misaRebi
ganmartebis SemuSaveba.
·
kanonis ganmartebis mizniT ZiriTadad gamiyeneba
argumentaciis oTxi saSualeba:
- gramatikuli ganmarteba;
-
istoriuli ganmarteba;
-
sistemuri ganmarteba;
-
T(t)eleologiuri
ganmarteba.
·
unda aRiniSnos, rom normis ganmartebisas ar aris aucilebeli
ganmartebis yvela[ჩამოთვლილი] meTodis ganxilva da gamoyeneba.
·
samarTlebrivi normis “ganmartebis’’ mizania
normis interpretaciis myari argumentebis moZieba
gramatikuli
ganmarteba
·
orientirebulia im “faqtobrivi elementis’’ sityvier formulirebaze, romelic aris ganmartebis sagani.
·
amasTan, mniSvnelovania “faqtobrivi
elementis’’ ara mxolod zogadi mniSvneloba,
aramed aseve specifikuri datvirTvac.
·
gramatikuli ganmarteba aris yvela “sxva
ganmartebis’’ amosavali wertili da maTi farglebis ganmsazRvreli[anu amiT
iwyeben]
·
ama Tu im samarTlebrivi
cnebis sityvier formulirebas SesaZloa
hqondes sxvadasxva datvirTva.
·
swored es aris am normis metad SezRuduli[viwro] Tu farTo
ganmartebis safuZveli.
x
·
rodesac
dasaSvebia samarTlebrivi cnebis sxvadasxvagvari gageba, gramatikuli ganmartebis farglebSi mizanSewonilia SerCeul
iqnas “farTo
ganmarteba’’, vidre aRniSnuli procesi SeizRudos cnebis yvelaze viwro
gagebiT.
am
gziT SesaZlebeli xdeba samarTlebrivi
cnebis farTo ganxilva.
x
·
xolo qvemoT ganxiluli `ganmartebis
instrumentebis~ saSualebiT SemdegSi SesaZlebelia ufro viwro mniSvnelobis
gamoyeneba.
·
SezRuduli (anu viwro) ganmartebisas sityvieri mniSvneloba viwrod ganimarteba samarTlebrivi
cnebis miznis
safuZvelze, xolo farTo ganmartebisas ki igi[sityvieri
mniSvneloba] farTovdeba, ivrcoba.
magaliTi:
sk-is 83-e muxlis pirveli nawilis mixedviT, „motyuebisas mesame
piris mxridan SeiZleba garigebis baTilobis moTxovna, Tu motyuebis
Sesaxeb icoda an unda scodnoda im pirs, romelic sargebels iRebs am garigebidan. ‘’
aRniSnul normas mivyavarT sk-is 81-e muxlis pirveli nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli “gasaCivrebis uflebis’’ imgvar
SezRudvamde, rom Semodis “gasaCivrebis’’ “axali
winapirobebi’: „sargeblis mimRebi piris codna“ an „codnis movaleoba“. aRniSnuli normis
gamoyenebis sfero damokidebulia aseve imazec, Tu vin igulisxmeba `mesame piris~ cnebaSi.
rac ufro “farTod’’ gavigebT `mesame piris~ cnebas, miT ufro Zlieria sk-is 81-e muxlis
pirveli nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli gasaCivrebis
uflebis SezRudva.
am SemTxvevaSi dasaSvebia Semdegi interpretacia:
1. `mesame piri~ sk-is 83-e muxlis pirveli nawilis gagebiT SesaZloa iyos nebismieri piri, romelic ar aris xelSekrulebis
mxare (farTo ganmarteba). [aRniSnulis mixedviT mesame pirebad CaiTvlebian is
pirebic, romlebic warmodgenilni arian xelSekrulebis ama Tu im mxares da
monawileoba miiRes xelSekrulebis dadebaSi, magaliTad, “warmomadgeneli’’ sk-is 103-e da momdevno muxlebis mixedviT.]
2. `mesame piri~ sk-is 83-e muxlis pirveli nawilis gagebiT aris
yvela is piri, romelsac Sexeba aqvs xelSekrulebis orive mxaresTan, Tumca, ar
aris warmodgenili romelime mxares, aramed aqvs Tavisi sakuTari interesi, [magaliTad, “makleri’’]
. 3. `mesame piri~ sk-is 83-e muxlis pirveli nawilis gagebiT
SeiZleba iyos mxolod iseTi piri, romelic saerTod ar monawileobs garigebaSi (viwro
ganmarteba) – [Sesabamisad,
warmodgenili midgomis mixedviT arc
warmomadgeneli da arc makleri ar
igulisxmeba am cnebis qveS].
ხ
·
“istoriuli ganmartebis’’ farglebSi xdeba kanonmdeblis nebis gamokvleva kanonis miRebis momentisaTvis.
·
amisaTvis gamoiyeneba sxvadasxva wyaro.
·
Mag.kanonmdeblis nebaze mianiSnebs erTi
mxriv “kanonis
ganmartebiTi baraTi’’.
·
sxva SesaZlo wyaroebia aseve Sesabamis
kanonTan dakavSirebuli parlamentis
komitetTa sxdomebis oqmebi an
TviTon parlamentSi gamarTul konsultaciebTan dakavSirebuli moxsenebebi igive exeba aseve kanonproeqtis ganmartebiT baraTs.
·
damatebiT aseve SesaZlebelia im pirebis mosazrebebis gamoyeneba, romlebic monawileobdnen kanonis
ganxilvaSi.
·
aseve moxdeba kanonis gamocemisas arsebuli ekonomikuri da socialuri pirobebis
gaTvaliswineba, [Tu aSkaraa, rom kanonmdebelma gaiTvaliswina
aRniSnuli.]
·
maSasadame, istoriuli ganmarteba metwilad
damokidebulia xelmisawvdomi da Sinaarsobrivad
gamosadegi wyaroebis arsebobaze.
·
aqedan gamomdinare, ganmartebis aRniSnuli
meTodi ar gamoiyeneba universitetebSi weriTi gamocdis farglebSi
ხ
·
sistemur
ganmartebas safuZvlad udevs erTiani
marTlwesrigis idea, romlis mixedviT “samarTlis arc
erTi norma ar ewinaaRmdegeba meores’’.
·
Aamitom “TiToeuli
norma an faqtobrivi elementi unda ganimartos ise, rom
igi Seesatyvisebodes marTlwesrigs’’.[!]
·
sistemuri ganmartebis farglebSi SesaZloa
warmoCindes argumentebi ganmartebis romelime
meTodis sasargeblod gansamart
faqtobriv elementTan mimarTebaSi:
- samarTlebrivi normis imave nawilis sxva winadadebebTan mimarTebaSi,
- samarTlebrivi normis sxva nawilebTan mimarTebaSi,
-
kanonis Sesabamisi Tavis sxva
samarTlebriv normebTan mimarTebaSi,
- imave
samarTlebriv sferosTan dakavSirebuli kanonebis normebTan mimarTebaSi,
-
zogadad marTlwesrigTan mimarTebaSi.
ხ
·
“Teleologiuri ganmarteba’’
gulisxmobs samarTlebrivi
normis arsisa da miznis
Ziebas.
·
amasTan, gadamwyvetia
ara kanonmdeblis neba kanonis gamocemis momentisaTvis, aramed dRevandeli
perspeqtiva.
·
ganmartebis zRvari gadis misi[am
ganmartebis] konstituciurobis
moTxovnaze.
·
Aanu sk-is me-2 muxlis pirveli
nawilis Tanaxmad, “samoqalaqo
samarTlisa da aseve kerZo samarTlis sxva kanonTa ganmarteba unda Seesabamebodes
konstitucias’’.
·
aRniSnul konteqstSi arsebiTia is, rom ganmartebis, rogorc marTlmsajulebis
ganxorcielebis gziT, “ar SeiZleba kanonmdeblis
kompetenciebSi Careva’’ da “savaldebuloa
saqarTvelos konstituciis me-14 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli Tanasworobis dacva’’.
ხ
·
xSirad samarTlis normis ganmartebisas saxezea sul
mcire, ori SesaZlo alternativa erTi
samarTlebrivi cnebisTvis.
·
aseT
SemTxvevebSi Sesabamisma pirma unda ganaxorcielos am ori alternativis
urTierTSefardeba, miiRos saTanado gadawyvetileba da daasabuTos igi.
ხ
·
Tu zemoxsenebuli oTxi meTodis gamoyenebis gziT ar gamovlinda romelime alternativis prioritetuloba an Tundac erT-erTi maTganis gamoyenebis
savaldebulooba, maSin unda moxdes argumentaciis Semdegi meTodebis gaTvaliswineba: e.w. `miT ufro~-argumenti, “sawinaaRmdego mosazrebis safuZvelze
gamotanili daskvna’’ da aseve “argumentireba
absurdamde’’ (argumentum ad absurdum). aRniSnulTan
dakavSirebiT ix.
argumentirebis sxva meTodebi.
ხ
argumentirebis sxva meTodebi
·
ganvixiloT argumentirebis sxva meTodebic, romlebic damatebiT gamoiyeneba zemoT aRniSnuli
meTodebisa da argumentirebis struqturaTa farglebSi.
1. `miT ufro~-daskvna (argumentum a fortiori)
·
`miT
ufro~-daskvnis saSualebiT vadgenT,
rom, vinaidan arsebobs esa Tu is garemoeba, miT
ufro unda arsebobdes sxva garemoebac an piriqiT _ miT ufro ar unda arsebobdes igi.
·
anu, `miT ufro~-daskvna SesaZloa ganviTardes ori
mimarTulebiT: erTi _ `metidan~ `mciresken~ (argumentum a majore ad minus) da meore _ piriqiT,
`mciredan~ `metisken~ (argumentum a minore ad majus).
·
pirvel SemTxvevaSi, anu, rodesac daskvna
momdinareobs `metidan~ da midis `mciresken~, miiCneva, rom, Tuki mowesrigebulia `meti~, maSin normis mizani miT ufro unda moicavdes
`mciresac~[anu mowesrigebulia “mcirec’’].
magaliTi:
„ipoTekis pirveladi keTilsindisieri
SeZena’’ arauflebamosili piris mier, romelic sajaro reestrSi SecdomiT aris
registrirebuli mesakuTred (ix. Tavi V, kazusi me-2).
marTalia, sk-is 312-e muxlis me-2
nawilSi saubaria „romelime uflebis’’
SeZenaze, magram amis winapirobaa, rom SesaZeni ufleba registrirebuli iyos
gamsxviseblis saxelze, rac, ZiriTadad, ar aris mocemuli ipoTekis pirveladi SeZenisas.
aqedan
gamomdinare SeiZleboda dagveskvna, rom „aRniSnuli norma ar moicavs ipoTekis pirvelad keTilsindisier SeZenas.’’
Tumca, gasaTvaliswinebelia is garemoeba, rom
sk-is 312-e muxlis me-2 nawili SesaZlebels xdis sakuTrebis keTilsindisier SeZenas sajaro
reestrSi registraciis safuZvelze.
sakuTrebis
ufleba aris yvelaze farTo
sanivTo ufleba, rac SeiZleba gaaCndes pirs raime sagnis mimarT.
xolo Tu
sk-is 312-e muxlis me-2 nawilis mixedviT SesaZlebelia TviTon am farTo uflebis
keTilsindisieri SeZena SecdomiT registrirebuli
gamsxviseblisagan, maSin aRniSnuli miT ufro unda iyos SesaZlebeli
am farTo uflebis erT-erTi Semadgeneli aspeqtis farglebSi.
ipoTeka,
rogorc sargeblobisa da realizaciis ufleba aris mesakuTris universaluri
uflebamosilebis Semadgeneli nawili, aspeqti. aqedan gamomdinare, sk-is 312-e muxlis me-2 nawili aseve moicavs ipoTekis
pirvelad keTilsindisier SeZenasac.
x
meore
SemTxvevaSi ki, anu rodesac daskvna momdinareobs `mciredan~ da midis
`metisken~, miiCneva, rom Tu
mowesrigebulia `mcire~, maSin miT ufro unda iyos mowesrigebuli aseve `metic~.
aRniSnuli umetesad
vrceldeba akrZalvebze.
magaliTi:
akrZalva _ `ucxo
pirTa Sesvla akrZalulia~, romelic ganTavsebulia nakveTTan miT ufro vrceldeba
aseve traqtorebze. [anu “traqtorebiT Sesvla akrZalulia’’]
2.
“daskvna sawinaaRmdegos safuZvelze” (argumentum
e contracio)
·
Tu “analogiis’’ dros umTavresia normis gamoyeneba
msgavs, magram mouwesrigebel SemTxvevebze, „daskvnas sawinaaRmdegos safuZvelze’’
mivyavarT sruliad sapirispiro mimarTulebiT.
·
„daskvniT
sawinaaRmdegos safuZvelze’’ ivaraudeba, rom vinaidan kanonmdebelma garkveuli sakiTxi moawesriga garkveuli
formiT, amiT mas surda gamoexata, rom aRniSnuli norma
ar vrceldeba sxva sakiTxebze da sxva SemTxvevebze.
·
es gansakuTrebiT aSkaraa, rodesac normis
dispoziciaSi vxvdebiT sityvas `mxolod~.
·
Tu kanonmdebels surda „mocemuli SemTxvevis’’
mowesrigeba, maSin igi moaxerxebda kidec amas.
·
anu, raime sakiTxis „ar-mowesrigeba“
aris კანონმდებლის gaazrebuli
gadawyvetileba.
3.
“argunmentireba absurdamde’’Aagumentum ad absurdum
·
aRniSnuli argumenti efuZneba mosazrebas, rom ganmarteba an samarTlebrivi problemis gadaWris gza im
SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba iyos marTebuli, rodesac misi gamoyenebis Sedegi
ewinaaRmdegeba marTlwesrigis arssa da mizans.
·
aseTi “absurduli Sedegi’’ metyvelebs amgvari “ganmartebis’’ gamoyenebis
sawinaaRmdegod.
ხ
Aanalogia
·
samarTlebrivi davebis damuSavebisas xSirad
warmoiqmneba iseTi situacia, rodesac Sesafasebeli cxovrebiseuli SemTxveva ar
Seesabameba arc erT samarTlebriv normas.
·
anu, rodesac garemoebaTa
mocemuli konstelacia (urTierTganlageba) ar
aris mowesrigebuli kanoniT.
·
amis erT-erTi mizezi SesaZloa iyos, magaliTad,
sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis ganviTarebisa da cvalebadobis maRali tempi, ris
gamoc kanoni SeiZleba swrafad moZveldes.
·
kanonis SemuSavebis momentisaTvis SeuZlebeli iyo
sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis dRevandeli urTierTobebisa da konstelaciebis
gaTvaliswineba.
·
amasTan, Tanamedrove sazogadoebaSi cxovreba
imdenad rTulia, rom SeiZleba kanonmdebels TvalTaxedvidan gamorCes raime
cxovrebiseuli niuansi.
magaliTi:
internetis samarTali da a.S.
·
mosamarTles arc erT SemTxvevaSi ar SeuZlia ar
ganaxorcielos marTlmsajuleba. sk-is me-4 muxlis pirveli nawilis Tanaxmad, “sasamarTlos ara aqvs ufleba, uari Tqvas
samoqalaqo saqmeebze marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebaze im SemTxvevaSic, Tu
samarTlis norma ar arsebobs’’.
·
maSasadame, aseT SemTxvevebzec
vrceldeba marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebis valdebuleba.
·
Mmagram vinaidan ar arsebobs kanonismieri
safuZveli, mosamarTles, gamonaklisis saxiT, aqvs uflebac da ekisreba
movaleobac, rom TviTon Seqmnas igi.
·
aRniSnuli xorcieldeba “analogiis’’ gziT.
x
·
sk-is me-5
muxlis pirveli nawili mosamarTles aniWebs uflebamosilebas, kanonSi pirdapir gauTvaliswinebeli
urTierTobis mosawesrigeblad gamoiyenos yvelaze ufro
msgavsi urTierTobis maregulirebeli samarTlis norma (e.w. kanonis analogia an normis analogia).
x
·
sk-is me-5
muxlis me-2 nawili iTvaliswinebs, rom, Tu
SeuZlebelia kanonis analogiis gamoyeneba igive muxlis pirveli nawilis mixedviT,
urTierToba unda mowesrigdes samarTlis zogadi principebis safuZvelze, agreTve samarTlianobis,
keTilsindisierebisa da zneobis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad (e.w. samarTlis analogia).
x
·
orive SemTxvevaSi saubaria samosamarTlo samarTalganviTarebis formebze.
1.
regulirebis “aragegmiuri
xarvezi’’
·
rogorc sk-is me-5 muxlidan Cans, “analogiis’’ gamoyenebis winapirobaa, rom
Sesabamisi urTierToba ar iyos mowesrigebuli kanoniT.
·
anu unda arsebobdes regulirebis xarvezi.
·
Tumca, gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom nebismieri amgvari
xarvezi ar aris “analogiis’’
gamoyenebis winapiroba.
·
raime urTierTobis mouwesrigebloba SesaZloa iyos kanonmdeblis Segnebuli gadawyvetileba,
rac krZalavs mosamarTlis mier samarTlis ganviTarebas
mocemul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, vinaidan winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi adgili
eqneba sasamarTlo xelisuflebis Carevas sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebis funqciebSi.
·
zogadad ki, analogia
ganixileba mxolod maSin, rodesac
saubaria regulirebis aragegmiur (anu ara Segnebulad dagegmil) xarvezze.
·
“aragegmiuri xarvezi’’ arsebobs maSin,
rodesac igi ar yofila ganzraxuli kanonmdeblis mier.
·
gvaqvs Tu ara saqme aseT SemTxvevasTan, unda
gairkves ganmartebis gziT.
·
aqac SesaZloa efeqturi iyos “sawinaaRmdego mosazrebidan gamotanili
daskvniT’’ argumentirebis forma
·
anu “Tu norma gvaZlevs imis varaudis safuZvels,
rom kanonmdeblis mizani iyo erTi konkretuli
urTierTobis mowesrigeba, maSin aRniSnuli metyvelebs imaze, rom
man Segnebulad ar moawesriga sxva urTierTobebi’’.
xxxxxxxxxxxx
2. kanonis analogia [sk-is
me-5 muxlis pirveli nawili]
·
kanonis analogiis
SemTxvevaSi xdeba samarTlebrivi normis gamoyenebis
sferos ganvrcoba iseT urTierTobaze, romelic am normiT ar aris
gaTvaliswinebuli.
·
anu, normis samarTlebrivi
Sedegi moergeba iseT urTierTobasa da SemTxvevas, romelsac ar moicavs
normis dispozicia, anu misi faqtobrivi elementebi.
Tumca,
aq normiT gaTvaliswinebuli urTierTobaTa
konstelaciebi maTi interesebis mixedviT msgavsia kanoniT mouwesrigebeli urTierTobisa.
x
·
kanonis analogiis gamoyenebis winapirobebi:
1. regulirebis xarvezi
2. regulirebis xarvezis aragegmiuroba (ix.
zemoT)
3. msgavsi interesebi – [gansaxilveli
norma ar unda iyos sagamonakliso norma , sk-is me-5 muxlis me-3 nawili (Tumca,
SeiZleba dafiqreba imaze, xom ar aris garkveul SemTxvevebSi SesaZlebeli
analogiis gamoyeneba iseT SemTxvevebSic, rodesac kanoniT mouwesrigebeli
urTierToba miekuTvneba gamonaklis SemTxvevas).
analogiiT gamosayenebeli samarTlis normis
mizani
·
analogiiT gamosayenebeli samarTlis normis mizani unda
Seesabamebodes mouwesrigebel urTierTobasac.
·
esec unda dadgindes ganmartebis gziT. aq SesaZloa
efeqturi iyos `miT ufro~ argumentis
gamoyeneba.
Aanu “Tu kanonmdebels surda
normiT gaTvaliswinebul interesTa konstelaciis mowesrigeba, maSin misi survili
miT ufro unda yofiliyo interesTa konkretuli konfliqtis mogvareba’’.
3. samarTlis analogia[sk-is me-5 muxlis me-2 nawili]
·
samarTlis
analogiis SemTxvevaSi ramodenime samarTlis normidan SemuSavdeba erTi ZiriTadi principi, romelic
gamoiyeneba msgavs SemTxvevebze (urTierTobaze).
·
samarTlis analogiis gamoyenebis winapirobebi:
1.
regulirebis xarvezi
2.
regulirebis xarvezis aragegmiuroba (ix. zemoT)
3.
kanonis analogiis gamoyenebis SeuZlebloba (sk-is me-5 muxlis me-2 nawili)
4. ZiriTadi principis msgavsi interesebis
arseboba, romelic ar efuZneba sagamonakliso normas.
Teleologiuri reduqcia
·
kanonis analogiisagan gansxvavebiT, Teleologiuri reduqciisas adgili aqvs samarTlebrivi normis gamoyenebis sferos SezRudvas.
·
Sesabamisi urTierToba moeqceva samarTlebrivi normis
dispoziciaSi; Tumca, dgeba arasasurveli
samarTlebrivi Sedegi, vinaidan igi ewinaaRmdegeba
normis konkretul mizans.
·
aRniSnulis erT-erTi magaliTia “sakuTar TavTan garigebis dadebis dauSvebloba’’, sk-is 114-e muxli,
romlis mixedviTac “warmomadgenels ar SeuZlia warmodgenili piris saxeliT sakuTar
TavTan Tavisi saxeliT, an, rogorc mesame piris warmomadgenelma, dados garigeba,
garda im SemTxvevebisa, roca TanxmobiT sxva ram aris gaTvaliswinebuli an
garigeba ukve arsebobs raime valdebulebis Sesasruleblad’’.
·
Aam normas
safuZvlad udevs mosazreba, rom garigebis orive mxares erTi da igive piris monawileoba
qmnis, erTi mxriv, interesTa koliziis, xolo,
meore mxriv, warmodgenili pirisTvis (marwmuneblisTvis)
zianis miyenebis safrTxes.
·
swored amis gamo krZalavs sk-is 114-e muxli sakuTar
TavTan garigebis dadebas.
·
vinaidan sk-is 114-e muxli ar iTvaliswinebs imis
gadamowmebas, mocemulia Tu ara interesTa SeuTavsebloba (kolizia), aramed
sakuTar TavTan garigebis dadebaSi gulisxmobs aseve yvela im SemTxvevasac,
rodesac arc interesTa koliziaa saxeze da arc romelime mxarisTvis zianis
miyenebis safrTxe.
·
es SemTxvevaTa is konstelaciebia, rodesac warmodgenil
pirs aqvs samarTlebrivi upiratesoba.
x
·
xolo imis gasarkvevad, SesaZlebelia Tu ara
Teleologiuri reduqcia, gasaTvaliswinebelia Semdegi nabijebi:
a. pirvel rigSi,
saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebi unda Seefardos samarTlis normas. Teleologiuri reduqcia SesaZlebelia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saxezea normis
Semadgeneli yvela faqtobrivi elementi, rac iwvevs Sesabamisi samarTlebrivi
Sedegis dadgomas. xolo Tu ar aris saxeze erTi faqtobrivi elementi mainc,
maSin aRar aris saWiro normis gamoyenebis sferos SezRudva, vinaidan ver dadgeba
samarTlebrivi Sedegi.
Tu
mocemulia yvela faqtobrivi elementi da dadgenilia samarTlebrivi Sedegic, unda ganisazRvros normis konkretuli mizani, risTvisac viyenebT swored normis Teleologiuri
ganmartebis meTods.
b. meore etapze
unda Semowmdes, moicavs Tu ara normis mizani mocemul problematur
konstelaciebsac. Tu aRniSnuli Semowmebis Sedegad
gamovlinda, rom normis mizani ar moicavs winamdebare SemTxvevas, maSin SesaZlebelia normis
gamoyenebis sferos SezRudva Teleologiuri
reduqciis gziT, ris Sedegadac norma ar gamoiyeneba SemTxvevaTa mocemul
konstelaciaze. xolo Tu normis mizani vrceldeba aRniSnul SemTxvevaze,
maSin bunebrivia, moxdeba normis gamoyeneba.
magaliTi:
sk-is 999-e muxlis pirveli nawilis
gamoyenebis sferos SezRudva Semdegi urTierTobis farglebSi:
“satransporto
saSualebis mZRoli’’ da “satransporto saSualebis mflobeli” (ix.Tavi mexuTe,
kazusi me-3, gv.123).
·
sk-is 999-e muxlis pirveli nawilis mizania,
uzrunvelyos zianis
anazRaurebis ufleba moZraobaSi monawile pirebisaTvis satransporto saSualebiT zianis miyenebisas, romelic ar aris damokidebuli braleulobaze.
·
aRniSnuli ganpirobebulia moZraobaSi monawile pirTa
dainteresebiT, rom “satransporto saSualebis mflobelma’’ imis
gaTvaliswinebiT gasces misi satransporto
saSualebis gamoyenebis nebarTva, rom nebismieri satransporto saSualeba
imavdroulad warmoadgens potenciur safrTxes moZraobis sxva monawileebisTvis.
·
amgvarad, moTxovna
ekuTvnis moZraobis monawiles, romelsac satransporto saSualebis gamoyenebis
Sedegad miadga ziani.
·
moTxovna
mimarTulia satransporto saSualebis
mflobelis winaaRmdeg, romelic iRebs sargebels
misi _ rogorc safrTxis gamomwvevi saSualebis _ gamoyenebidan.
·
Tu erTmaneTs
SevadarebT satransporto saSualebis mflobelis, satransporto saSualebis mZRolisa
da moZraobaSi monawile mesame pirTa inetresebs, mivalT
daskvnamde, rom mZRolisa da satransporto saSualebis mflobelis interesebi ufro
axlos dgas erTmaneTTan.
·
mZRoli
satransporto saSualebis mflobelTan erTad Tanabrad inawilebs satransporto
saSualebis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebul risks.
·
igi aseve iRebs sargebels satransporto saSualebis
gamoyenebidan da imavdroulad asabuTebs masTan dakavSirebul gansakuTrebul
safrTxes.
·
ar arsebobs safuZveli imisa, rom mocemul SemTxvevaSi mZRols mflobelis mimarT mivakuTvnoT zianis
anazRaurebis moTxovnis ufleba, romelic ar aris damokidebuli braleulobaze.
·
aRniSnuli normis mizania moZraobaSi
monawile mesame pirTa dacva safrTxisagan, romelic momdinareobs
satransporto saSualebis eqspluataciidan, da
ara im pirebis dacva, romlebmac Tavad Seqmnes safrTxe an pasuxismgeblebi arian
satransporto saSualebis eqspluataciaze.
·
mocemuli konstelaciis farglebSi gaTvaliswinebuli
samarTlebrivi Sedegi, satransporto saSualebis mZRolis
zianis anazRaurebis moTxovnis ufleba misi mflobelis mimarT ar Seesabameba sk-is
999-e muxlis pirveli nawilis mizans.
·
Sesabamisad, normis
gamoyenebis sfero Teleologiuri
reduqciis gamoyenebis Sedegad unda SeizRudos imgvarad, rom igi ar
moicavdes mZRolisa da satransporto saSualebis mflobels Soris arsebul
urTierTobebs.
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